Folady E, Aliasl P, Mahdavian M. Seljuk Ardabil: From a Frontier City to a Center of Sufism and Urban Trade, with Emphasis on Its Peak Flourishing and the Groundwork for the Safavid Rise. JHRLP. Published online May 1, 2027:1-13. Accessed June 27, 2026. https://jhrlp.com/index.php/jhrlp/article/view/370