Journal of Historical Research, Law and Policy 3115-7505 In Press 2027 11 01 Dynamics of Iran–China Energy Relations and Their Reflection in Beijing’s Middle East Strategy, with Emphasis on the 25-Year Comprehensive Strategic Agreement (2008–2021) Dynamics of Iran–China Energy Relations and Their Reflection in Beijing’s Middle East Strategy, with Emphasis on the 25-Year Comprehensive Strategic Agreement (2008–2021) 1 19 EN Journal Article 2026 05 20 <p>This study examines the dynamics of energy relations between the Islamic Republic of Iran and the People’s Republic of China and their reflection in Beijing’s Middle East strategy during the period from 2008 to 2021. In recent decades, China’s growing energy demand and its efforts to diversify its energy supply sources have transformed the Middle East into one of the principal focal points of Beijing’s energy policy and economic engagement. Within this framework, Iran, as one of the major holders of hydrocarbon resources, has assumed a significant position in energy-oriented interactions between the two countries. Employing a descriptive–analytical method and drawing on data concerning trends in China’s energy consumption and imports, the present study examines the dimensions of energy cooperation between Iran and China and its impact on Iran’s position within China’s regional policy. The findings indicate that energy relations have played an important role in shaping and expanding economic interactions between the two countries and have created opportunities for the development of long-term cooperation. In this context, the emergence of frameworks such as the Iran–China 25-Year Comprehensive Strategic Agreement can also be analyzed within the broader setting of these economic and energy-centered interactions. Furthermore, trends related to energy security and China’s policy of diversifying its energy supply sources have contributed to Iran’s considerable position in certain energy-related dimensions of Beijing’s Middle East calculations. Overall, the findings demonstrate that energy cooperation, as one of the most significant dimensions of Iran–China relations, plays a considerable role in explaining Iran’s position within Beijing’s regional approach.</p> https://jhrlp.com/index.php/jhrlp/article/download/429/441