The Formation of the ISIS Takfiri Movement from the Perspective of Governance in Public Law

Abstract

The Middle East region has faced numerous challenges and security crises in recent years, particularly following the events of September 11, 2001, the effects of which have remained directly or indirectly embedded in the collective memory of nations, especially the peoples of the region. The expansionist ambitions of major powers in the region, combined with the ideological rigidity of certain Islamist political and religious factions, constitute one of the most significant factors that have intensified not only political conflicts but also sectarian tensions. The primary concern and research problem of the present study is to identify the central causes of insecurity and to trace its roots within the Middle East. The persistence of insecurity in countries such as Iraq and Syria has, in turn, contributed to the continuation of instability in neighboring states, including Iran, potentially generating adverse security consequences for the political system of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Consequently, determining appropriate approaches to addressing this issue has become a matter of serious intellectual and policy concern. Iraq has long been an influential actor in regional equations, and its critical role in the geopolitical competition among major powers cannot be overlooked, as many regional political transformations over approximately the past four decades have stemmed from developments within Iraq and from the prevailing political and security conditions in that country. This article seeks to analyze the role of regional and global actors in political dynamics and power cycles across different states and ultimately advances the argument that the insecurity observed in the region is the result of prolonged strategic interventions, exploitation of structural vulnerabilities within states, and financial as well as military support provided by powerful countries.