Review of the Role of Constitutional Courts in Advancing the Protection of Human Rights and Citizenship in the Digital Age

Abstract

In the past, citizenship rights were defined only within national borders. However, today, with the rise of digital citizenship, mass migration, and transnational threats (such as climate change and pandemics), this definition requires urgent revision. These changes have highlighted the need to rethink the foundations of civil rights. The crucial question is whether the current mechanisms for protecting civil rights, given the myriad complexities of the contemporary world, can still guarantee human dignity and fundamental freedoms of individuals. Will constitutional courts, with their traditional approaches, be able to win the new human rights battles in cyberspace, across international borders, and against unknown threats? This problem requires in-depth exploration and the provision of new solutions. The present study, conducted using a descriptive-analytical method, concludes that constitutional courts, although they have consistently defended the rights of citizens, require transnational and interdisciplinary approaches in today's world, which presents new challenges such as technology and immigration. These institutions must move towards internationalization and adhere to universal human rights standards in their constitutional interpretation. Additionally, an interdisciplinary approach is necessary to understand challenges such as digital privacy, which necessitates a comprehensive understanding of technology, sociology, and law. Overall, courts must act beyond the traditional view with boldness, innovation, and continuous engagement to become a haven for justice and human rights in the future.