Islamic Unity Between the Constitutional Ideal and the Reality of Its Implementation: A Comparative Study of Experiences in the Islamic World

Abstract

Islamic unity constitutes a strategic dimension in shaping the collective identity of the Muslim Ummah and, beyond being an emotional slogan, has become a civilizational necessity requiring solid legal and intellectual foundations. This study analyzes Islamic unity from the perspective of contemporary constitutional law and examines the prospects for its realization despite challenges such as divergent intellectual approaches, differences among legal systems, sectarian divisions, and the ambiguous relationship between religion and the state. Employing a comparative analytical method, the constitutions of several Islamic countries are examined in order to assess the status of Sharia, Sharia courts, and Islamic identity. The findings indicate that constitutional unity can be achieved through genuine political and legislative commitment, stronger institutional cooperation, educational reform, and the development of constitutional models that promote legal convergence while strengthening Islamic integration and collective identity.